Interaksi spasial dan sentralitas wilayah terhadap struktur ruang kota Tomohon

Abstract

This study aims to identify the relationship between the gravity index and the centrality index on regional hierarchy and to analyze the spatial pattern of Tomohon City. The study was conducted in 44 urban villages and 5 sub-districts using a quantitative spatial approach. The analytical methods included the gravity index, scalogram, Weight Centrality Index, Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression, and Moran’s I spatial autocorrelation. The variables analyzed consisted of population size, nominal GRDP, geographical distance between regions, and the number of service facilities/functions. The results showed that the gravity index had no significant relationship with regional hierarchy, while the centrality index had a positive and significant relationship with regional hierarchy. These findings indicate that the availability of facilities and service functions plays a greater role in shaping regional hierarchy than spatial interaction factors based on population, GRDP, and geographical distance. Moran’s I values of 0.049687 at the urban village level and 0.049555 at the sub-district level indicate a random spatial pattern without significant spatial autocorrelation. The distribution of facilities and centrality in Tomohon City still reflects spatial inequality. Therefore, improving the distribution of facilities and service functions in areas with low centrality is necessary to support more balanced regional development.