The Creeping City: Spatial Analysis Of Built-Up Land Expansion and Coastal Settlement Conversion in Central Kendari
Kata Kunci:
Coastal, Developed Area, Google Earth Engine, LULCAbstrak
Urban expansion is one of the key indicators of spatial change in coastal urban settings. Kendari City, especially the coastal area of Kendari Bay, has undergone swift urban growth due to a rise in population, infrastructure advancements, and economic concentration. This research seeks to examine the spatial dynamics of urban land growth and coastal land-use change in Central Kendari from 2019 to 2024. The study utilizes Sentinel-2 satellite images analyzed via Google Earth Engine (GEE) by integrating the Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and land mask classification.
The approach involves image preprocessing, calculating spectral indices, classifying land, and performing spatial overlay analysis to identify temporal variations in land cover. Quantitative analysis indicates that developed regions grew from 1,391.99 hectares in 2019 to 1,437.25 hectares in 2024, reflecting an overall increase of 45.25 hectares. The geographic distribution of urban expansion is focused on coastal areas and key transit routes, demonstrating a significant impact of accessibility and economic factors. The findings also show a negative relationship between NDBI and NDVI values, suggesting that vegetation cover has increasingly been substituted by developed land. The change is mainly fueled by infrastructure expansion, coastal economic initiatives, and urban connectivity. This research emphasizes the efficacy of combining remote sensing metrics with cloud-based geospatial analysis to track urban growth, underscoring the necessity for sustainable spatial planning in coastal urban areas.
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