The Use of Audio-Visual and Print-Based Learning Media in Civic Education at SMA Negeri 2 Tondano

Abstrak

Civic Education learning requires appropriate instructional strategies to make abstract concepts such as moral values, democracy, human rights, and constitutional principles more concrete and comprehensible for students. This study aims to describe the types of instructional media utilized by Civic Education teachers at SMA Negeri 2 Tondano, identify the challenges encountered in their implementation, examine the supporting factors available, and analyze the impact of media use on students’ motivation and understanding. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings reveal that Civic Education teachers primarily utilize two types of instructional media, namely audio-visual media (educational videos) and visual image media. The main challenges identified include unstable internet connectivity and the limited availability of digital devices among students. Supporting factors that facilitate the implementation of instructional media include the availability of projectors, speakers, and Interactive Flat Panels (IFPs), as well as strong institutional support for the integration of technology into the learning process. The use of instructional media was found to enhance students’ learning motivation, classroom participation, and teacher–student interaction, while also helping students develop a deeper and more contextual understanding of abstract concepts. Therefore, instructional media play a significant role in improving the quality of Civic Education learning, particularly in fostering a meaningful and visually supported understanding of national values and citizenship principles.